1. Kev sib tw toj roob hauv pes hauv kev lag luam pub
Raws li kev lag luam kev lag luam hauv tebchaws, nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, txawm hais tias Tuam Tshoj cov khoom lag luam hauv Suav teb tau qhia tag nrho qis dua. Qhov laj thawj yog Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam yog maj mam hloov los ntawm kev sib tw tsis zoo, thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo, tau yooj yim hloov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim muaj qee yam xws li cov neeg sib tw thiab kev ua haujlwm raw kev lag luam muaj peev xwm txo tau tsuas yog ua lag luam hauv kev sib tw kev lag luam.
Kev tsim ntau lawm tsim, ntawm qhov tod tes, coj kom zoo dua ntawm kev lag luam, thiab kev txhawb nqa txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Suav teb cov kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm.
2. Cov kev lag luam pub yog cyclical, thiab raws caij nyoog
(1) cov cheeb tsam
Cov cheeb tsam ntau lawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam pub muaj qee yam xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam, thiab muaj cov chaw sib txawv hauv cov qoob loo thiab cov qoob loo qoob loo rau ntau hom. Fotelfated pub noj thiab premixed Pub Pub Pub Rau Cov Nyiaj rau ib qho kev faib tawm loj nyob rau sab qaum teb, thaum compound pub mis yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau sab qab teb; Qhov thib ob, kev lag luam pub muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam aquaculture, thiab ntau yam kev sib txawv hauv thaj chaw sib txawv, tseem muaj cov sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam hauv kev noj. Piv txwv li, hauv thaj chaw ntug hiav txwv, aquaculture yog cov tsiaj txhu Northwest thiab Northant tsiaj tsa rau cov nyuj thiab yaj; Thib peb, kev sib tw hauv Suav teb Cov Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam yog qhov hnyav tag nrho, cov khoom siv raw tsawg dua, cov khoom lag luam luv luv, thiab kev thauj mus los luv luv. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev lag luam pub noj tau tshaj plaws feem ntau yog tus qauv ntawm "kev tsim lub teb chaws lub tsev lag luam, kev sib koom ua ke tswj hwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv zej zog". Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev lag luam pub nyob hauv Suav teb nthuav tawm qee yam cwj pwm hauv cheeb tsam.
(2) perienticity
Qhov kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam pub muaj ntau yam, feem ntau yog suav nrog kev lag luam pub noj, thiab cov dej ntws nrog cov tsiaj hauv lub teb chaws. Ntawm lawv, nce cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam pub noj.
Cov nqi ntawm cov khoom nyoos ntau xws li pob kws thiab taum pauv hauv cov kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab tom qab cuam tshuam rau cov nqi pub noj. Qhov no txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv, pub cov nqi thiab nqi yuav hloov raws. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov dej hauv qis allhaculture kev lag luam yog pawg xws li cov kab mob tsiaj thiab muag khoom, uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam rau qee yam. Yog li ntawd, muaj qee yam cyclical yam ntxwv hauv kev lag luam pub hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho tib neeg cov qauv nyob txuas ntxiv, qhov kev thov tau rau cov khoom muaj zog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, thiab kev lag luam kev noj mov kom muaj kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov kev hloov pauv nyob rau hauv kev thov kev noj vim cov neeg Asmeskas ua npaws ib txwm ua npaws, hauv lub sijhawm ntev, kev lag luam pub ntev li tag nrho tsis muaj kev ua raws li. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov concentration ntawm kev lag luam pub tau nce ntxiv, thiab ua raws cov kev hloov khoom lag luam thiab muaj peev xwm tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm kev loj hlob hauv khw xav tau.
(3) lub caij nyoog
Muaj ib qho kev coj noj coj ua muaj zog thaum hnub so thaum lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam xws li Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav, Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav, MID lub caij nplooj zeeg kev cai, thiab hnub lub teb chaws. Qhov kev thov rau ntau yam nqaij los ntawm cov neeg yuav tseem tawm. Kev ua lag luam yug menyuam feem ntau nce lawv cov khoom pov thawj kom tau txais kev soj ntsuam hauv kev thov tawm thaum hnub so kom muaj kev kub siab rau hnub so. Tom qab hnub so, cov neeg siv khoom siv rau tsiaj txhu, nqaij, nqaij, thiab ntses kev lag luam yuav tsis muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev rau lub sijhawm rau kev noj. Rau npua pub, vim muaj kev lom zem ua ntu zus nyob rau hauv ib nrab xyoo ntawm lub xyoo, nws feem ntau yog lub caij tsis muaj zog rau pub, ntau lawm, thiab kev muag khoom.
3. Cov khoom siv thiab xav tau qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam pub
Raws li "Tuam Txhab Chav Haujlwm Kev Lag Luam" thiab "Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau 302.23 lab tons, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm txhua xyoo ntawm 7.31%.
Los ntawm cov kev pom ntawm noj hom khoom noj, cov feem ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke pub yog qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab tswj txoj kev loj hlob sai thiab. Raws li ntawm 2022, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ntau lawm hauv tag nrho cov khoom noj yog 93.09%, qhia kev nce zuj zus. Qhov no yog ze rau cov nplai ua cov txheej txheem ntawm Tuam Tshoj lub aquaculture kev lag luam. Feem ntau hais lus, loj-teev aquaculture kev lag luam zoo li yuav cov khoom xyaw thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb me me Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab tawm ntawm swine ua npaws hauv Africa, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb npua, ntau dua li kev yuav khoom ua ntej thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj cai rau kev ua kom zoo.
Ntub pub noj thiab nqaij qaib pub yog cov ntau yam tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb cov qauv khoom noj. Raws li "Tuam Txhab Kev Lag Luam Xyoo Tshiab" thiab "Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tebchaws" tso tawm los ntawm National Heady Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam hauv Suav teb txij li 2017 txog 2022.
4. Kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam pub
Kev lag luam pub ib txwm yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub, ua kev hloov pauv thiab txhim kho kev ua tsiaj txoj saw hlau los ntawm kev hloov tshiab. Ua tsaug rau cov kev siv zog ntawm kev lag luam, kev kawm, thiab kev tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm cov kev tsim kho mis, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tsis meej, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau nce cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm kev lag luam pub nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv tsim khoom thiab cov txheej txheem, txhawb kev lag luam kev ntsuas kev lag luam nrog cov thev naus laus zis digital.
(1) Qib qeb ntawm pub mis
Nrog rau kev nrawm nrawm ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb tshiab thiab qhov tob tob ntawm pub cov qauv pub mis tau dhau los ua kev sib tw tseem ceeb ntawm kev pub khoom lag luam kev lag luam. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom pub tshiab thiab lawv tau hloov chaw ntawm kev lag luam, txhawb nqa cov qauv khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig thiab meej.
Pub tus nqi yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqi yug menyuam, thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw xws li pob kws thiab kua qab zib kuj yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Vim tias tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm pub cov khoom noj raw xws li cov pob kws thiab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj raw tau ua cov kev tshawb fawb rau kev lag luam. Kev ua lag luam pub raws cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm lwm cov khoom siv raw thiab thaj chaw ntawm pub luam, cov kev daws teeb meem kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug saws. Hais txog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, kev tsim kho cov roj tseem ceeb, cov probiotics, enzyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj, thiab cov probiyme npaj lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam lag luam tseem txuas ntxiv mus tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj tua kab mob sib xyaw ua ke hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, thiab ua tiav hloov kev cuam tshuam.
Tam sim no, ua noj pub noj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv raw los ntawm cov khoom nyoos los ntawm cov khoom nyoos; Kev siv ntawm anti microbial additives tau ua tiav kev nce qib, tab sis tseem muaj teeb meem ntawm kev kho cov kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig lossis xaus rau kev ua tiav cov khoom noj muaj kev lom zem.
5. Qhov kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam pub
(1) nplai thiab kev hloov pauv thiab txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam pub
Tam sim no, kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam pub tau nce zuj zus, thiab cov khoom lag luam raw ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo siv, cov khoom lag luam kom zoo thiab hom kev tsim kho thiab hom kev tsim kho. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2020, kev nkag siab txog txoj cai lij choj tiv thaiv kev lag luam xws li cov khoom lag luam nyoos thiab cov khoom lag luam sib txawv ntawm cov lag luam me me thiab nruab nrab. Cov chaw ua lag luam me me thiab nruab nrab pub rau kev lag luam yuav maj mam tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam, thiab cov lag luam loj yuav nyob ntau thiab ntau qhov chaw ua lag luam.
(2) Tsis tu ncua cov qauv tsim nyog
Nrog rau Kev Pom Zoo Ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv raw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, qhov tseeb ntawm kev pub rau cov lag luam ua tiav yog txhim kho tas li. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam thiab kev tsim cov khoom noj muaj zog ntxiv, thiab txhawb kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub thaum ua cov qauv. Kev noj protein tsawg, ua haujlwm pub dawb, thiab lwm cov khoom lag luam ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm pub rau yav tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam pub.
(3) txhim kho lub peev xwm lav tau ntawm pub raw khoom raw thiab tswj cov nqi pub
Cov khoom lag luam pub cov khoom siv raw tsuas yog suav cov hluav taws xob cov khoom siv raw thiab protein raw khoom npuas dej. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, tus qauv ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev cog ntoo tau hloov kho, rau qee yam txhim kho tus kheej-pub cov ntaub ntawv raw. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tam sim no ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov protein pub cov khoom nyoos tsuas yog muaj, thiab qhov tsis txaus ntseeg txo qis dua kev lag luam kom lav cov khoom siv raw. Txhim kho lub peev xwm los lav tau pub cov khoom raw yog ib qho kev xaiv actevompit kom ruaj khov thiab zoo.
Thaum txhawb cov txheej txheem kev hloov kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev cog qoob loo, xws li nquag txhawb nqa cov khoom siv raw, thiab lwm lub tebchaws raw cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ua kom muaj kev siv TARIFF, kev hloov kho thiab lwm yam mechanism kom nkag tau ntawm cov khoom siv nyoos. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb yuav txuas ntxiv ntxiv dag zog rau kev nce qib thiab kev pub mis tshiab pub ntau yam ntawm cov protein raw ntxiv rau hauv cov qauv khoom noj; Ntxiv dag zog rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam nyoos siv kev siv tshuab, thiab siv nplej, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov zaub nyoos hloov chaw zoo. Ntxiv rau cov khoom tso cai rau cov khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom noj ntxiv rau cov qoob loo thiab cov khoom siv kom qhuav, xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, thiab cov khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob; Los ntawm kev ua cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov kho cov khoom lag luam uas tau sib txuas ua ke ntawm kev lag luam muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv raw.
(4) 'Khoom + Kev Pabcuam' yuav dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov tub ntxhais tseem ceeb ntawm kev pub mis
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, downstream aquaculture kev ua lag luam tau hloov tas li, nrog qee cov neeg lag luam me me hloov mus rau kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub ua liaj ua teb lossis tawm ua lag luam. Cov dej hauv qab ntawm kev lag luam pub yog qhia tias yog cov khoom lag luam loj, thiab kev lag luam sib koom ua liaj ua teb loj, nrog rau tsev neeg niaj hnub ua liaj ua teb. Cov khoom lag luam + kev pabcuam "yog hais txog kev tsim khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv tau ua tiav ntawm lawv cov kev xav tau. Nrog rau cov neeg lag luam tseem ceeb uas tau nyiam cov neeg siv khoom loj.
Hauv cov txheej txheem kev pabcuam, pub cov lag luam tailor Cov phiaj xwm kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb thiab kev kho kom zoo dua ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv raws li lawv cov khoom siv kho vajtse raws li, cov tsiaj txhu npua ua ke, thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom pub nws tus kheej, txoj kev npaj kuj yuav tsum tau nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm software thiab kev ua kom zoo, kev kho mob, tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev tswj hwm, thiab dej phwj tuaj.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej tom ntej, pub cov tuam txhab yuav muab cov kev daws teeb meem dynamic raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv sib txawv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam yuav siv cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv los tsim lawv tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov kev xav tau kev noj haus, thiab txhim kho cov qhua tuaj noj mov nplaum.
(5) Qhov kev thov rau cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj thiab cov tsiaj txhu ua haujlwm thiab cov tsiaj txhu ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv
Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob ntawm Suav teb, qhov kev thov rau cov tsiaj txhu muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov nqaij yaj, cov nqaij ntses thiab cov nqaij ntses nyoo. Thaum lub sijhawm qhia txog lub sijhawm, kev tsim tawm ntawm Ruminant pub thiab muaj dej tso rau hauv Suav teb txuas ntxiv ntxiv, tswj txoj kev loj hlob siab.
(6) pub mis yog ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim tawm kev lag luam hauv Suav teb
Kev pub roj ntsha yog ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim tawm kev lag luam hauv Suav teb. Kev lom neeg pub yog hais txog pub cov khoom lag luam tsim los ntawm kev noj cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom noj protein, suav nrog fermented pub, enzymatic pub, thiab pub roj ntsha. Tam sim no, kev lag luam pub tau nkag mus rau ib qho kev lag luam tawm tsam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas ua npaws thiab lwm yam kab mob. Lub siab thiab cov kev sib tw ntsib los ntawm kev pub mis thiab dej hauv aquaculture kev lag luam yog nce ib hnub dhau ib hnub. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Noj Mob Mob Fermented Pub Cov Khoom Noj tau dhau los ua kev txhim kho thoob ntiaj teb, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu, thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj ecological.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov tseem ceeb thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim kev ua qoob loo roj ntsha, thiab ua kom cov khoom noj khoom haus fermentions, cov khoom noj ntxiv, kho quav. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nyob rau hauv cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txwv thiab chaw tshuaj tua kab mob, kev loj hlob ntawm biological pub yuav nrawm dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam pub yuav tsum tsim cov ntaub ntawv pub noj haus yooj yim, thiab muab cov khoom siv biotechnology pub thiab muab cov txheej txheem pub rau ntau dua thiab cov txheej txheem.
(7) ntsuab, ib puag ncig phooj ywg, thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov
Qhov "14th tsib xyoo phiaj xwm" ib zaug ntxiv piav qhia cov phiaj xwm kev lag luam ntawm "kev txhawb nqa ntsuab kev txhim kho thiab kev txhawb nqa kev sib haum xeeb ntawm tib neeg thiab xwm". Qhov "coj cov kev pom ntawm kev tsim kho kom muaj kev txhim kho ntsuab thiab cov roj teeb ntsuab thiab cov teeb meem loj los daws cov peev txheej, ib puag ncig thiab cov teeb meem ecological. Ntsuab, cov roj carbon tsawg, thiab ib puag ncig phooj ywg "yog ib qho chaw muaj kuab lom uas muaj kev phom sij rau lwm tus, thiab yog ib qho kev tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom noj muaj kuab muaj zog xws li ammonia thiab hydrogen sulfide. Cov kev ua kom muaj kev phom sij tsis zoo, thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov khoom noj kom zoo, thiab kev npaj rau cov tsiaj txhu, thiab kev npaj khoom noj kom zoo nkauj, thiab npaj cov khoom lag luam rau cov Pub, yog li txo cov pa tawm ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig xws li quav, ammonia, thiab phosphorus. Yav tom ntej, pub cov lag luam yuav txuas ntxiv mus tsim cov kws tshawb fawb cov kws tshawb fawb thiab tsim kev sib npaug ntawm ntsuab, tswj hwm tus nqi.
Lub sijhawm Post: Nov-10-2023